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The Great Desert: Sahara

Explained: Sahara Desert The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world; and the third-largest desert behind Antarctica and the Arctic, which are both cold deserts. It is located between 20⁰ and 30⁰ latitudes, north, and south of the equator. Its east-west extent is about 5500 kms; north-south extent is about 1900 kms. The Sahara has one of the harshest environments on the earth, covering 9.4 million square kms. The name of the desert comes from the Arabic word sahrā, which means ‘desert’. History This the great desert was born some seven million years ago, as remnants of a vast sea called Tethys closed up. Long ago, the Sahara was a fertile region with thick forests. Over thousands of years, the forces of nature and various human activities have converted this region into a barren wasteland. Geography The Sahara covers a large part of Africa continent. It extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the west up to the Red Sea in the east. It covers an area of about 9.4 million square kilomet...

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Periodization of History | NCERT

Periodization of history  It refers to the process of dividing history into distinct periods or eras based on significant events, developments, or shifts in society, culture, politics, or other aspects of human civilization. Periodization allows historians and scholars to organize and make sense of historical events, processes, and trends by grouping them into meaningful and manageable units. Periodization schemes vary depending on the context, region, and the focus of study. Different cultures and regions may have their own specific periodization systems based on their unique historical experiences and perspectives. However, there are several widely recognised periodization schemes that are commonly used in the study of world history.  Here are a few examples - 1. Ancient, Medieval, and Modern This is a traditional periodization scheme that is often used in European history but can be applied to other regions as well. It includes - Ancient - Typically up to the fall of the W...